Chemistry Ch 3 Scientific Measurements Review Sheet

Commonly Used Metric Prefixes	
Prefix	Meaning	Factor	
mega (M)	1 million times larger than the unit it precedes	10	
kilo (k)	1000 times larger than the unit it precedes	10	
deci (d)	10 times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
centi (c)	100 times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
milli (m)	1000 times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
micro ()	1 million times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
nano (n)	1000 million times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
pico (p)	1 trillion times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	

Vocabulary

absolute zero
mass
Kelvin temperature scale
significant figure
Celsius temperature scale
precision
weight
accuracy

1.	Which of the following measurements is expressed to three significant figures?
0.007 m	7.30  107 km	
7077 mg	0.070 mm	
2.	Which of the following mass units is the largest?
1 cg	1 mg	
1 dg	1 ng	
3.	What is the result of multiplying 2.5  1010 by 3.5  10-7?
4.	What is the result of adding 2.5  103 and 3.5  102?
5.	When a test instrument is calibrated, does its accuracy, precision, or reliability improve?
6.	Which group of measurements is the most precise? (Each group of measurements is for a different object.)
7.	Three different people weigh a standard mass of 2.00 g on the same balance. Each person obtains a reading of 7.32 g for the mass of the standard. These results imply that the balance that was used is ____.
8.	What is the measurement 111.009 mm rounded off to four significant digits?
9.	What is the measurement 1042 L rounded off to two significant digits?
10.	Express the product of 4.0  10 m and 8.1  10 m using the correct number of significant digits.
11.	When multiplying and dividing measured quantities, the number of significant figures in the result should be equal to the number of significant figures in ____.
12.	The weight of an object ____.(think---versus mass)
13.	Chlorine boils at 239 K. What is the boiling point of chlorine expressed in degrees Celsius?
14.	A cubic meter is about the same as the volume occupied by a ____.
15.	What is the density of an object having a mass of 8.0 g and a volume of 25 cm?
16.	What is the volume of 80.0 g of ether if the density of ether is 0.70 g/mL?
17.	What is the volume of 45.6 g of silver if the density of silver is 10.5 g/mL?
18.	As the density of a substance increases, the volume of a given mass of that substance ____.
19.	How many significant figures are in the measurement 811.40 grams?
20.	Express the sum of 1111 km and 222 km using the correct number of significant digits.
21.	Express the sum of 7.68 m and 5.0 m using the correct number of significant digits.
22.	Express the product of 2.2 mm and 5.00 mm using the correct number of significant digits.
23.	What quantity is represented by the metric system prefix deci-?
24.	What is the boiling point of water in kelvins?
25.	What is the temperature –34C expressed in kelvins?
26.	If the temperature changes by 100 K, by how much does it change in C?
27.	What is the quantity 0.0075 meters expressed in centimeters? Use the table above to help you.
28.	What is the quantity 7896 millimeters expressed in meters? Use the table above to help you.
29.	What is the quantity 987 milligrams expressed in grams? Use the table above to help you.
30.	Density is found by dividing ____.
31.	If a liter of water is heated from 20C to 50C, what happens to its volume?
32.	The following length measurements were taken by students using several different measuring devices. Find the average of the measurements. Make sure that your answer has the correct number of significant figures----10.05 cm, 10.1 cm, 9.741 cm, 10.6 cm, 10.5 cm
33.	Round off the measurement 0.003 095 5 m to three significant figures.
34.	What is the sum of 2.7 g and 2.47 g expressed in the correct number of significant digits?
35.	What is the sum of 6.210 L and 3 L expressed in the correct number of significant digits?
36.	What is the product of the number 1000 and the measurement 0.003 57 m expressed in the correct number of significant digits?
37.	The mass of the electron is 9.109 39  10 kg. Express the mass of the electron to 1, 2, 3, and 4 significant figures.
38.	Perform the following operation: 3.43 cm  5.2 cm. Make sure that your answer has the correct number of significant figures.
39.	What is the temperature 128 K expressed in degrees Celsius?
40.	Express 0.05 grams in kilograms, using the correct abbreviations.
41.	What is the density of an object having a mass of 4.0 g and a volume of 39.0 cubic centimeters?
42.	What is the volume of an object with a density of 7.73 g/cm3 and a mass of 5.40  10 g?
43.	Why is the metric system the preferred system of measurement for science?