Chem Ch 3 Tests: Scientific Measurements Review

absolute zero
mass
Kelvin temperature scale
significant figure
Celsius temperature scale
precision
weight
accuracy

Commonly Used Metric Prefixes	
Prefix	Meaning	Factor	
mega (M)	1 million times larger than the unit it precedes	10	
kilo (k)	1000 times larger than the unit it precedes	10	
deci (d)	10 times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
centi (c)	100 times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
milli (m)	1000 times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
micro ()	1 million times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
nano (n)	1000 million times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
pico (p)	1 trillion times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	

1.	The diameter of a carbon atom is 0.000 000 000 154 m. What is this number expressed in scientific notation?

2.	What is the result of multiplying 2.5  10 by 3.5  10?

3.	What is the result of adding 2.5  10 and 3.5  10?

4.	When a test instrument is calibrated, does its accuracy, precision, or reliability improve?

5.	Which group of measurements is the most precise? (Each group of measurements is for a different object.)

6.	Three different people weigh a standard mass of 2.00 g on the same balance. Each person obtains a reading of 7.32 g for the mass of the standard. These results imply that the balance that was used is ____.

7.	In the measurement 0.503 L, which digit is the estimated digit?

8.	How many significant figures are in the measurement 0.003 4 kg?

9.	How many significant figures are in the measurement 40,500 mg?

10.	How many significant figures are in the measurement 811.40 grams?

11.	Express the sum of 1111 km and 222 km using the correct number of significant digits.

12.	Express the sum of 7.68 m and 5.0 m using the correct number of significant digits.

13.	Express the product of 2.2 mm and 5.00 mm using the correct number of significant digits.

14.	What is the measurement 111.009 mm rounded off to four significant digits?

15.	What is the measurement 1042 L rounded off to two significant digits?

16.	Express the product of 4.0  10 m and 8.1  10 m using the correct number of significant digits.

17.	What is the volume of a salt crystal measuring 2.44  10 m by 1.4  10 m by 8.4  10 m?

18.	What quantity is represented by the metric system prefix deci-?

19.	What is the metric system prefix for the quantity 0.000 001?

20.	What is the SI unit of mass?

21.	What is the temperature of absolute zero measured in C?

22.	Which temperature scale has no negative temperatures?

23.	What is the boiling point of water in kelvins?

24.	The weight of an object ____.

25.	What is the temperature –34C expressed in kelvins?

26.	If the temperature changes by 100 K, by how much does it change in C?

27.	Chlorine boils at 239 K. What is the boiling point of chlorine expressed in degrees Celsius?
28.	What is the quantity 0.0075 meters expressed in centimeters? Use the table above to help you.

29.	What is the quantity 7896 millimeters expressed in meters? Use the table above to help you.

30.	What is the quantity 987 milligrams expressed in grams? Use the table above to help you.

31.	A cubic meter is about the same as the volume occupied by a ____.

32.	Density is found by dividing ____.

33.	What is the density of an object having a mass of 8.0 g and a volume of 25 cm?

34.	What is the volume of 80.0 g of ether if the density of ether is 0.70 g/mL?

35.	What is the volume of 45.6 g of silver if the density of silver is 10.5 g/mL?

36.	If a liter of water is heated from 20C to 50C, what happens to its volume?

37.	If the temperature of a piece of steel decreases, what happens to its density?

38.	The expression of 5008 km in scientific notation is ____.

39.	The closeness of a measurement to its true value is a measure of its ____.

40.	When multiplying and dividing measured quantities, the number of significant figures in the result should be equal to the number of significant figures in ____.

41.	The chief advantage of the metric system over other systems of measurement is that it ____.

42.	The quantity 44 liters expressed in cubic meters is ____.

43.	As the density of a substance increases, the volume of a given mass of that substance ____.
44.	The following length measurements were taken by students using several different measuring devices. Find the average of the measurements. Make sure that your answer has the correct number of significant figures. 10.05 cm, 10.1 cm, 9.741 cm, 10.6 cm, 10.5 cm
45.	Round off the measurement 0.003 095 5 m to three significant figures.
46.	What is the sum of 2.7 g and 2.47 g expressed in the correct number of significant digits?
47.	What is the sum of 6.210 L and 3 L expressed in the correct number of significant digits?
48.	What is the product of the number 1000 and the measurement 0.003 57 m expressed in the correct number of significant digits?
49.	The mass of the electron is 9.109 39  10 kg. Express the mass of the electron to 1, 2, 3, and 4 significant figures.
50.	Perform the following operation: 3.43 cm  5.2 cm. Make sure that your answer has the correct number of significant figures.
51.	What is the temperature 128 K expressed in degrees Celsius?
52.	Express 0.05 grams in kilograms, using the correct abbreviations.
53.	Express 0.06 liters in cubic meters, using the correct abbreviations.
54.	What is the density of an object having a mass of 4.0 g and a volume of 39.0 cubic centimeters?
55.	What is the volume of an object with a density of 7.73 g/cm3 and a mass of 5.40  10 g?
56.	A cube of a gold-colored metal with a volume of 59 cm has a mass of 980 g. The density of pure gold is 19.3 g/cm. Is the metal pure gold? Show calculations to justify your answer.
57.	The density of osmium, which is the densest metal, is 22.57 g/cm. What is the mass of a block of osmium that measures 1.00 cm  4.00 cm  2.50 cm?